Legal commentary and recommended resources on issues and events with legal significance from the Law Library of Congress.
Current Legal Topics(1 - 25 of about 67) (xml) (Feedlist)
Current Legal Topics - New Zealand (24.11.2011 20:30h): General Elections
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new report,New Zealand:General Elections. Executive Summary This report provides information on the conduct of general elections in New Zealand. It includes discussion of the "mixed member proportional"electoral system,which is the subject of a referendum that will coincide with the 2011 election. Other matters covered include voter registration and eligibility rules,voting processes,the existence of separate electoral districts and an electoral roll for Maori voters,campaign finance and advertising laws,and responsibilities for electoral administration and oversight. Visit our site for the full report:http://www.loc.gov/law/help/new_zealand_~ [Link] [Cache]
Egypt (05.08.2011 19:01h): Pending Charges Against Former President Mubarak and Potential Legal Ramifications
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new item,Egypt:Pending Charges Against Former President Mubarak and Potential Legal Ramifications. After the fall of Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak and his regime on February 11,2011,political activists and the Egyptian public have not stopped protesting in downtown Cairo's Tahrir Square. The main purpose of these ongoing protests is to pressure the caretaker government to put the main figures of the Mubarak regime on trial,including the former Ministers of Interior,Tourism,Information,Finance,Industry,Trade,and Housing. Protestors are calling for the trial not only of these ... [Link] [Cache]
Legal Research Guide (07.05.2011 18:43h): Egypt
The Law Library of Congress is pleased to present this new Legal Research Guide to Egypt. The guide includes an introduction,official sources of the law,the legislative process,the court system,and web resources. [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (29.04.2011 06:59h): Nigeria:Election Laws
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new report,Nigeria:Election Laws. Executive Summary In preparation for the 2011 elections,Nigeria has made various changes to laws governing elections,mainly the Electoral Act and the Constitution. Among the changes are steps taken to guarantee the independence of the Independent National Elections Commission INEC and to reorganize Election Tribunals and their powers. The issue of what amounts to a full term of a governorship,an issue that has recently been a subject of litigation before federal courts,has also been finally settled through a Constitutional amendment. Visit our ... [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (17.03.2011 19:43h): Lebanon:Constitutional Law and the Political Rights of Religious Communities
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new report,Lebanon:Constitutional Law and the Political Rights of Religious Communities. Executive Summary The Lebanese constitution of 1926,as amended,is still in force today. Its main feature is the representation given to the various religious communities in public employment,the formation of government,and the selection of the legislature. It guarantees basic individual rights and freedoms and provides for a parliamentary form of government. The major amendments agreed to in 1989 shifted the balance of executive power from the Presidency of the Republic to the Council of Ministers. ... [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (15.02.2011 03:22h): Israel:Criminal and Ethical Aspects of Municipal Rabbis'Letter Concerning the Sale or Rental of Property in Israel to Non-Jews
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new report,Israel:Criminal and Ethical Aspects of Municipal Rabbis'Letter Concerning the Sale or Rental of Property in Israel to Non-Jews. This report analyzes the criminal and ethical aspects of a letter published by fifty municipal rabbis in Israel alleging that Jewish law prohibits the sale or rental of property in Israel to non-Jews. It suggests that the publication of the letter may have constituted an offense under Israel's penal law and may also subject its signatories to ethical penalties. It further suggests that at least with regard to ... [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (13.12.2010 02:55h): New Zealand:Maori Culture and Intellectual Property Law
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new report,New Zealand:Maori Culture and Intellectual Property Law. The protection of the traditional cultural expressions of indigenous people from inappropriate use raises issues relating to the differences between standard intellectual property concepts and the "worldview"of such groups. In New Zealand,Maori claims regarding rights to "guardianship"of their cultural knowledge have been expressed in the context of the guarantees in the Treaty of Waitangi. Some recognition of these interests can be seen in amendments to intellectual property laws. However,there remain questions regarding the protection of expressions ... [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (19.08.2010 17:26h): Indonesia Inter-Religious Marriage
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new item on inter-religious marriage in Indonesia. The Indonesian marriage law has been interpreted as prohibiting marriage between people who follow different religions. However,this interpretation is disputed by some scholars,and the Supreme Court of Indonesia has essentially found that there is a "legal vacuum"in this area. In practice,it has been reported that the law and administrative processes make it difficult to register an inter-religious marriage. Couples may therefore choose to marry overseas or one party may decide to convert to the religion of the other. The ... [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (06.05.2010 00:41h): United Kingdom General Election
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new item on the United Kingdom general election. On April 6,2010,Prime Minister Gordon Brown announced that a General Parliamentary Election would be held on May 6,2010. Visit our site for an introduction to the election and information on eligibility to vote,registering to vote,how votes are received,multilingual ballots,oversight of elections,campaign financing,and a hung parliament. [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (30.04.2010 22:14h): Law Day
The Law Library of Congress presents this updated research guide on Law Day. Law Day is a national day to celebrate the rule of law and its contributions to the freedoms Americans enjoy. Also,in recognition of Law Day the Law Library of Congress will present a program titled "You Be the Judge:Cross-Cultural Issues in the Courts."The two-hour program will begin at noon on Monday,May 3,in the Mumford Room,of the Library's James Madison Building,101 Independence Ave. S.E.,Washington,D.C. For more information about our event,visit http://go.usa.gov/iQw. [Link] [Cache]
France (16.03.2010 18:46h): Highlights Of Parliamentary Report On The Wearing Of The Full Veil BURQA
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new item focusing on the wearing of the full veil in France. On January 26,2010,the President of the National Assembly published on the Assembly website the report prepared by the Parliamentary Commission to Study the Wearing of the Full Veil in France. [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (01.01.1970 00:00h): Judicial Interpretations of Egan
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new article focusing on executive privilege. It is available in its entirety in PDF on our U.S. Constitution website. Louis Fisher,"Judicial Interpretations of Egan,"November 13,2009. The Supreme Court's decision in Department of the Navy v. Egan,484 U.S. 518 1988 ,is frequently cited to justify broad presidential powers over national security and classified documents. The ruling has caused confusion in the courts because initially the case began as one of statutory construction and was briefed with that understanding. However,when the decision was issued it added ... [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (01.01.1970 00:00h): The Education of Non-Native Language Speaking Children
This report from the Law Library of Congress discusses programs for the education of school-age,non-native language speakers in England,European Union,France,Israel,and Japan. [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (01.01.1970 00:00h): Statement on "The Executive Accountability Act of 2009"
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new statement focusing on war powers. It is available in its entirety in PDF on our U.S. Constitution website. Statement by Louis Fisher,appearing before the House Committee on the Judiciary,"The Executive Accountability Act of 2009,"July 27,2009. H.R. 743 would apply criminal penalties to Presidents and executive officials who knowingly and willfully mislead Congress or the people of the United States for the purpose of gaining support for the use of U.S. armed forces. This testimony discusses the framers'intent on initiating war,previous examples beginning with ... [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (01.01.1970 00:00h): National Security Whistleblowers
The Law Library of Congress is proud to present a new statement focusing on National Security Whistleblowers. The statement is available in its entirety in PDF on our new U.S. Constitution website. Statement by Louis Fisher,appearing before the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform,"The Whistleblower Protection Enhancement Act of 2009,"May 14,2009. Congress has several times passed legislation to protect agency whistleblowers,enabling them to report to their agencies and to Congress instances of misconduct,illegality,waste,fraud,and abuse. For various reasons,agency employees who report on such operations are subject to reprisals and have ... [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (01.01.1970 00:00h): Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month,May
May is Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month,a month to celebrate the contributions Asian/Pacific Americans have made to American history,society and culture. Visit our website to read more about Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month from the Law Library of Congress. [Link] [Cache]
Current Legal Topics (01.01.1970 00:00h): Jewish American Heritage Month,May
May is Jewish American Heritage Month. It is a month to celebrate the contributions Jewish Americans have made to America since they first set foot in New Amsterdam in 1654. Visit our website to read more about Jewish American Heritage Month from the Law Library of Congress. [Link] [Cache]
Pakistan (01.01.1970 00:00h): Musharraf's Resignation
This Law Library of Congress report contains information on:2007 the year of problems,the general elections,impeachment,the election of a new president,and the presidential candidates. On October 12,1999,General Pervez Musharraf staged a coup d'etat and became the Chief Executive of Pakistan. He then appointed himself President in 2001. In 2007,following his re-election as President and while the Pakistan Supreme Court was considering a petition on the constitutional validity of the election,he suspended the Constitution,dismissed the Supreme Court,and declared a State of Emergency. The Election Commission then confirmed his re-election. After being ... [Link] [Cache]
Law Library of Congress:Research Reports (01.01.1970 00:00h): John Adams and the Boston Massacre Trial of 1770
As noted in the 2008 HBO mini-series chronicling the life and career of John Adams 1735-1826 ,as a young lawyer the future president served as counsel for the defense in the trial of eight British soldiers accused of murder during a riot in Boston on March 5,1770. William Wemms,James Hartegan,William McCauley,Hugh White,Matthew Killroy,William Warren,John Carrol,and Hugh Montgomery,soldiers in the English 29th regiment of foot,were accused of murdering Crispus Attucks,Samuel Gray,Samuel Maverick,James Caldwell,and Patrick Carr. The case was heard at the Superior Court of Judicature,Court ... [Link] [Cache]
Law Library of Congress:Research Reports (01.01.1970 00:00h): Law Day
Law Day is a national day to celebrate the rule of law and its contributions to the freedoms Americans enjoy. This guide provides commentary and recommended resources concerning Law Day. Visit our Web site to read more about Law Day from the Law Library of Congress. [Link] [Cache]
Cuba (01.01.1970 00:00h): Legal Implications of Casto's Resignation
On February 19,2008,official Cuban Communist Party newspaper Granma published a message from Fidel Castro in which he announced that,due to his poor health,he could no longer serve as President of Cuba. After Castro resigned,the National Assembly of People's Power Cuba's legislative body convened in order to elect a new president. [Link] [Cache]
Children's Rights (01.01.1970 00:00h): France
France is a signatory to all the significant treaties dealing with children rights. It has in place several mechanisms to monitor the implementation of the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child,in particular,an ombudsman for children. Pregnant women are entitled to paid maternity leave. To offset the loss of salary,they receive benefits via the public maternity insurance,often supplemented by a complementary sum payable by the employer as per a collective bargaining agreement. Several categories of family allowances are provided without any condition of employment. Children under six receive free and mandatory preventive health services in ... [Link] [Cache]
Children's Rights (01.01.1970 00:00h): China
China has ratified major international documents with regard to children's rights protection. China's domestic legislation also provides protection for a wide range of children's rights. The reality,however,is disputable. Few accurate statistics could be obtained directly from the official source. In practice,enforcement of the treaty obligations and the legislative declarations remains a huge problem. The Children's Rights:China report contains information on:the implementation of International Rights of the Child,child health and social welfare,education,child labor and exploitation,sale and trafficking of children,and juvenile justice. [Link] [Cache]
Children's Rights (01.01.1970 00:00h): Canada
Canada has ratified the Convention on the Rights of the Child and one of the two optional protocol to it while signing the other. Responsibility for implementation is split between the federal government and the provinces. Canada's ten provinces have nearly universal health insurance plans that cover virtually all children and maintain most social welfare agencies. Another provincial responsibility is education. Children receive tax-supported elementary and secondary education. Universities charge subsidized tuition. Minimum ages for employment are yet another provincial responsibility. On the federal level,there are many criminal laws designed to prevent child abuse. The number of related offenses ... [Link] [Cache]
Children’s Rights (01.01.1970 00:00h): Brazil
The Constitution provides the principles to be followed for the protection of children and adolescents in Brazil. These principles,coupled with the numerous international treaties signed and several pieces of legislation enacted,offer a wide range of protection to children’s and adolescents’ rights. The Children's Rights:Brazil report contains information on:the implementation of International Rights of the Child,child health,child social welfare,education,child labor and exploitation,sale and trafficking of children,juvenile justice,and concluding remarks. [Link] [Cache]
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